Central Dogma of Biology The ‘Central Dogma’ is the process by which the instructions in DNA are converted into a functional product. The process illustrates the flow of genetic information in cells, DNA replication, and coding for the RNA through the transcription process, and further RNA codes for the proteins by translation. Now let's learn about each stage in central dogma one by one. Replication (From DNA to DNA) DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell. Transcription (From DNA to mRNA) Transcription is the process by which information is transferred from one strand of the DNA to RNA by the enzyme RNA Polymerase. The DNA strand which undergoes this process consists of three parts namely a promoter, a structural gene, and a termina
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